Modeling the reliability of multi-carrier energy systems considering dynamic behavior of thermal loads

tTechnological advances in the field of energy conversion have led to the development of multi-carrierenergy systems (MCESs). The ability of MCESs to manage different forms of energy can improve theefficiency and reliability of power systems. This paper attempts to address the dynamic behavior ofloads in reliability evaluation of MCESs. A Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo approach is employed to modelthe dynamic behavior of thermal loads. The proposed model also investigates the mutual dependencebetween different forms of energy and its influence on availability of supply. Numerical simulations ofan energy hub are provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.