We study the evolution leading to (or regressing from) a large fluctuation in a statistical mechanical system. We introduce and study analytically a simple model of many identically and independently distributed microscopic variables nm (m=1,M) evolving by means of a master equation. We show that the process producing a nontypical fluctuation with a value of N= m=1Mnm well above the average (N) is slow. Such process is characterized by the power-law growth of the largest possible observable value of N at a given time t. We find similar features also for the reverse process of the regression from a rare state with N (N) to a typical one with N≃(N).
Development and regression of a large fluctuation
CORBERI, Federico
2017-01-01
Abstract
We study the evolution leading to (or regressing from) a large fluctuation in a statistical mechanical system. We introduce and study analytically a simple model of many identically and independently distributed microscopic variables nm (m=1,M) evolving by means of a master equation. We show that the process producing a nontypical fluctuation with a value of N= m=1Mnm well above the average (N) is slow. Such process is characterized by the power-law growth of the largest possible observable value of N at a given time t. We find similar features also for the reverse process of the regression from a rare state with N (N) to a typical one with N≃(N).I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
