After the death of King Charles II of Spain, the battle for the succession between Philip of Bourbon and Charles of Habsburg is based on official and secret relationship, and on the intertwining of military solutions, diplomatic strategies and legal claims. In the provinces belonging to the Two Century-old Spanish Empire, the ruling élites are forced to take sides and to choose which contender to support. In the Kingdom of Naples begins to spread the independence mirage, proposed by the possible succession of Charles of Habsburg, who promises to the Neapolitans a radical mutation of status, with the creation of a “national king” to Naples. So, an “aristocratic party”, already existing in Naples and aspiring to a res publica aristocratica, is transformed into “Habsburg party”, at the beginning of the conflict between the Habsburgs and the Bourbons, and is dedicated to plan a pro-Habsburg conspiracy. In September 1701, it is concocted the so-called “conspiracy of Macchia”, accompanied by a revolt that intends to encourage the conquest of the kingdom by Charles of Habsburg. Many important Neapolitan nobles take part in the conspiracy and, after its failure, they are condemned and forced to flee to Vienna. Among these noble men, there is the Prince of Caserta Gaetano Francesco Caetani. The research is based on unpublished sources, preserved in Italian and Austrian archives.
Dopo la morte del re Carlo II, la battaglia per la successione al trono spagnolo tra Filippo di Borbone e Carlo d'Asburgo si basa su rapporti ufficiali e segreti, e sull'intreccio tra soluzioni militari, strategie diplomatiche e rivendicazioni legali. Nelle province appartenenti all’Impero spagnolo, le élites al potere sono costrette a schierarsi, scegliendo quale contendente appoggiare. Nel Regno di Napoli inizia a diffondersi il miraggio dell'indipendenza, ventilato dalla possibile successione di Carlo d'Asburgo, che promette ai napoletani un radicale mutamento di status, con la creazione a Napoli di un “re nazionale”. Così, un "partito aristocratico", già esistente a Napoli da decenni, che aspira a una res publica nobiliare, si trasforma in "partito asburgico" all'inizio del conflitto tra Asburgo e Borbone, e si dedica a progettare una cospirazione filo-asburgica. Nel settembre 1701 viene organizzata la cosiddetta “congiura di Macchia”, accompagnata da una rivolta che intende favorire la conquista del regno da parte di Carlo d'Asburgo. Molti importanti nobili napoletani prendono parte alla congiura e, dopo il suo fallimento, vengono condannati e costretti a fuggire a Vienna. Tra questi nobili c'è il Principe di Caserta, Gaetano Francesco Caetani. La ricerca si basa su fonti inedite, conservate in archivi italiani e stranieri, in particolar modo austriaci.
Il Giglio borbonico e l'Aquila imperiale. Scontro politico, congiura e progetti autonomistici nel Regno di Napoli agli albori del Settecento
Maria Anna Noto
2018
Abstract
After the death of King Charles II of Spain, the battle for the succession between Philip of Bourbon and Charles of Habsburg is based on official and secret relationship, and on the intertwining of military solutions, diplomatic strategies and legal claims. In the provinces belonging to the Two Century-old Spanish Empire, the ruling élites are forced to take sides and to choose which contender to support. In the Kingdom of Naples begins to spread the independence mirage, proposed by the possible succession of Charles of Habsburg, who promises to the Neapolitans a radical mutation of status, with the creation of a “national king” to Naples. So, an “aristocratic party”, already existing in Naples and aspiring to a res publica aristocratica, is transformed into “Habsburg party”, at the beginning of the conflict between the Habsburgs and the Bourbons, and is dedicated to plan a pro-Habsburg conspiracy. In September 1701, it is concocted the so-called “conspiracy of Macchia”, accompanied by a revolt that intends to encourage the conquest of the kingdom by Charles of Habsburg. Many important Neapolitan nobles take part in the conspiracy and, after its failure, they are condemned and forced to flee to Vienna. Among these noble men, there is the Prince of Caserta Gaetano Francesco Caetani. The research is based on unpublished sources, preserved in Italian and Austrian archives.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.