Decentralized control system for participation of plug-in electric vehicles in the load frequency control of a microgrid

The penetration level of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has a potential to be remarkably increased in the near future. As a result, the smart power systems will have new challenges and opportunities. The energy storing capability of PEV s is an attractive capability that enables PEV s to participate in providing ancillary services, e.g., load frequency control (LFC). This paper evaluates the participation of PEV s in load frequency control of a microgrid (MG) by using a decentralized multi-agent based control system. According to the proposed multi-agent based scheme, each PEV is considered as an agent that makes a synchronized decision for the participation in the LFC according to the global information. The required global information is discovered through the average consensus algorithm (ACA). The effect of time delay on the proposed method is investigated. Simulation studies are carried out in MATLAB-Simulink and show the effectiveness of the proposed decentralized control scheme.