To understand the causes and effects of the current economic climate, you do not necessarily take into account the globalization of markets Following the demolition of the protectionist barriers to the spread of the Internet, the progress of the logistics and transport, to the free movement of capital, goods and services can be produced and sold anywhere in the world. The main effect of globalization should include the creation of a single world market. In fact for any product / service exists a single market where everyone can potentially compete, regardless of company size. The rapid change is the hallmark of globalization: wetsuit rapidly growth and decline of the countries, just as quickly change the organization and history of the companies. We are witnessing the decline of the old powers, the US, Japan and Europe, protago- goniste of the last century, while new powers such as China, India, Brazil, are growing. According to the OECD forecasts for 2050, China will be the first place in terms of GDP, ahead of the US, India and Europe. China and India will grow more and more as Europe and the United States less and less. These predictions, not new because until 1820, the wealth created by China, India and Japan was higher than the reaction lizzata from Europe; the United States had just made and then had little relevance in terms of economico.Le growing global concerns about the rise of the Chinese economy are also a political one. First, it expands within the country the social differences that could cause internal tensions even violent. Furthermore, the accumulated wealth is also used to strengthen the arms, as well as to underwrite the debt of the industrialized countries. Finally, it is very in- tense support to countries in the developing world. In this regard, the aim is to strengthen the relationship with emerging countries and find an alternative destination to reserves VA- lutarie Chinese, as well as the plethora of products made. In this perspective, the Chinese capitalism in Africa is trying to create special economic Hubs: - METALS the HUB in Zambia (for the supply of copper, cobalt, diamonds, uranium and tin); - The TRADING HUB in Mauritius: that would provide access to the 20 states of the Common Market (from Libya to Zimbabwe); - The HUB SHIPPING: to be located in Tanzania. These phenomena, along with descriptions of cases of companies multinazionali- globalized and to the study of organizational evolution of companies have been the subject of some of the lessons of the latest editions of the Master in Advanced Finance and Master in Shipping. The Master participants have deepened these thematic and made some lecture notes, contained in this little volume, which recommended capture research on the mode of development of some countries, for exam- 7 ple China and India. Particular attention was paid to the growth prospects of the African continent that in a not too distant future could represent a market outlet king of world production. Finally, it should be noted also the study of what is called "the other globalization" that is, the volume expansion of wealth controlled and managed worldwide by organized crime.
Per capire le cause e gli effetti dell’attuale fase congiunturale, non si può pre- scindere dal considerare il fenomeno della globalizzazione dei mercati Grazie all’abbattimento delle barriere protezionistiche, alla diffusione di Internet, ai progressi della logistica e dei trasporti, alla libertà dei movimenti dei capitali, i prodotti e i servizi possono essere realizzati e venduti in qualsiasi parte del mondo. Il principale effetto della globalizzazione consiste pertanto nella crea- zione di un unico mercato mondiale. Di fatto per qualsiasi prodotto/servizio esiste un unico mercato dove tutti potenzialmente possono competere, a prescindere dalla dimensione aziendale. Il rapido mutamento è il tratto distintivo della globalizzazione: muta rapidamen- te la crescita e il declino dei Paesi, altrettanto velocemente mutano l’organizzazione e la storia delle aziende. Si assiste al declino delle vecchie potenze, USA, Giappone ed Europa, prota- goniste del secolo scorso, mentre nuove potenze, come la Cina, l’India, il Brasile, sono in continua crescita. Secondo le previsioni dell’Ocse per il 2050, la Cina sarà al primo posto, in termini di PIL, prima degli USA, dell’India e dell’Europa. La Cina e l’India cresceranno sempre di più mentre l’Europa e gli Stati Uniti sempre meno. Queste previsioni, non rappresentano una novità in quanto fino al 1820, la ricchezza prodotta da Cina, India e Giappone era superiore a quella rea- lizzata dall’Europa; gli Stati Uniti allora erano appena costituiti e avevano scarsa rilevanza dal punto di vista economico.Le crescenti preoccupazioni mondiali riguardo l’ascesa dell’economia cinese sono anche di ordine politico. Innanzitutto, si ampliano all’interno del Paese le dif- ferenze sociali che potrebbero determinare tensioni interne anche violente. Inol- tre, la ricchezza accumulata viene utilizzata anche per potenziare gli armamenti, oltre che per sottoscrivere il debito dei Paesi industrializzati. Infine, è molto inten- so il sostegno ai paesi in via di sviluppo. A riguardo, l’obiettivo è rafforzare il rap- porto con i paesi emergenti e trovare una destinazione alternativa alle riserve va- lutarie cinesi, nonché alla sovrabbondanza dei prodotti realizzati. In questa prospettiva, il capitalismo cinese in Africa sta cercando di creare Hubs economici speciali: - il METALS HUB in Zambia (per l’approvvigionamento di rame, co- balto, diamanti, uranio e stagno); - il TRADING HUB nelle isole Mauritius: che fornirebbe l’accesso ai 20 Stati del Mercato Comune dell’Africa (dalla Libia allo Zimbabwe); - lo SHIPPING HUB: da localizzarsi in Tanzania. Questi fenomeni, insieme alla descrizione di casi di aziende multinazionali- globalizzate e allo studio dell’evoluzione organizzativa delle imprese sono stati oggetto di alcune lezioni delle ultime edizioni del Master in Finanza Avanzata e del Master in Shipping. I partecipanti ai master hanno approfondito queste tema- tiche e realizzato alcune dispense, contenute in questo piccolo volume, che rac- colgono ricerche relative alle modalità di sviluppo di alcuni paesi, come ad esem- 7 pio Cina e India. Particolare attenzione è stata rivolta alle prospettive di crescita del continente africano che in un futuro non troppo lontano potrebbe rappresenta- re un mercato di sbocco della produzione mondiale. Infine, è opportuno rilevare anche lo studio su quella che è definita “l’altra globalizzazione” e cioè l’espansione dei volumi di ricchezza controllati e gestiti a livello mondiale dalla criminalità organizzata.
Scenari di Globalizzazione - Mutano gli scenari competitivi, mutano le strategie: gli effetti della globalizzazione
Papa A;
2011-01-01
Abstract
To understand the causes and effects of the current economic climate, you do not necessarily take into account the globalization of markets Following the demolition of the protectionist barriers to the spread of the Internet, the progress of the logistics and transport, to the free movement of capital, goods and services can be produced and sold anywhere in the world. The main effect of globalization should include the creation of a single world market. In fact for any product / service exists a single market where everyone can potentially compete, regardless of company size. The rapid change is the hallmark of globalization: wetsuit rapidly growth and decline of the countries, just as quickly change the organization and history of the companies. We are witnessing the decline of the old powers, the US, Japan and Europe, protago- goniste of the last century, while new powers such as China, India, Brazil, are growing. According to the OECD forecasts for 2050, China will be the first place in terms of GDP, ahead of the US, India and Europe. China and India will grow more and more as Europe and the United States less and less. These predictions, not new because until 1820, the wealth created by China, India and Japan was higher than the reaction lizzata from Europe; the United States had just made and then had little relevance in terms of economico.Le growing global concerns about the rise of the Chinese economy are also a political one. First, it expands within the country the social differences that could cause internal tensions even violent. Furthermore, the accumulated wealth is also used to strengthen the arms, as well as to underwrite the debt of the industrialized countries. Finally, it is very in- tense support to countries in the developing world. In this regard, the aim is to strengthen the relationship with emerging countries and find an alternative destination to reserves VA- lutarie Chinese, as well as the plethora of products made. In this perspective, the Chinese capitalism in Africa is trying to create special economic Hubs: - METALS the HUB in Zambia (for the supply of copper, cobalt, diamonds, uranium and tin); - The TRADING HUB in Mauritius: that would provide access to the 20 states of the Common Market (from Libya to Zimbabwe); - The HUB SHIPPING: to be located in Tanzania. These phenomena, along with descriptions of cases of companies multinazionali- globalized and to the study of organizational evolution of companies have been the subject of some of the lessons of the latest editions of the Master in Advanced Finance and Master in Shipping. The Master participants have deepened these thematic and made some lecture notes, contained in this little volume, which recommended capture research on the mode of development of some countries, for exam- 7 ple China and India. Particular attention was paid to the growth prospects of the African continent that in a not too distant future could represent a market outlet king of world production. Finally, it should be noted also the study of what is called "the other globalization" that is, the volume expansion of wealth controlled and managed worldwide by organized crime.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
