General formalism of the quantum equivalence principle

A consistent theory of quantum gravity will require a fully quantum formulation of the classical equivalence principle. Such a formulation has been recently proposed in terms of the equality of the rest, inertial and gravitational mass operators, and for non-relativistic particles in a weak gravitational field. In this work, we propose a generalization to a fully relativistic formalism of the quantum equivalence principle, valid for all background space-times, as well as for massive bosons and fermions. The principle is trivially satisfied for massless particles. We show that if the equivalence principle is broken at the quantum level, it implies the modification of the standard Lorentz transformations in flat space-time and a corresponding modification of the metric in curved space-time by the different mass ratios. In other words, the observed geometry would effectively depend on the properties of the test particle. Testable predictions of potential violations of the quantum equivalence principle are proposed.The classical equivalence principle, which is the cornerstone of general relativity, needs to be generalized to a quantum equivalence principle to incorporate quantum mechanics, and by extension, quantum gravity. Following a recent work, the authors provide a generalized formalism, which allows one to test the quantum equivalence principle in all scenarios, including relativistic speeds, curved spacetimes and particles with different spins.