The double track system codified by the Rocco Code is strongly irrational as it is based on the agent’s imputability as a prerequisite for the judgment of guilt. The practical repercussions and problems generated by this system are particularly well-known and evident regarding minors who, although deserving of enhanced protection under Article 31, paragraph 2 of the Constitution, if they commit a criminally relevant act, depending on their age group, experience a criminogenic (ir)responsibility. Thus, criminal law equality is implemented by recovering shares of responsibility even for physiologically immature individuals, identifying the figure of the young adult - someone who, although chronologically an adult, commits acts that show an educational rather than re-educational need - alongside the figure of the young adult within a “unified integrated sanctioning track”. Therefore, this latter subject, being under fourteen years old and considering the circumstances of the crime, is the object of a descriptive rather than an ascriptive expert assessment. If they are capable of perceiving the wrongdoing of the committed act and can be motivated through norms, they will be fully responsible in the name of a sanction with re-educational purposes.
Il sistema del c.d. doppio binario codificato dal Codice Rocco si presenta fortemente irrazionale legato com’è all’imputabilità dell’agente come presupposto del giudizio di colpevolezza. Le ricadute pratiche e i problemi generati da tale sistema sono particolarmente noti ed evidenti con riguardo al minore d’età il quale, seppur meritevole di tutela rafforzata ex art. 31 co. 2 Cost., laddove risulti autore di un fatto penalmente rilevante ed a seconda della fascia d’età in cui si collochi, vivrebbe di una criminogena (ir)responsabilità. Ecco allora che, il diritto penale dell’eguaglianza trova attuazione nel recupero di quote di responsabilità anche per soggetti fisiologicamente immaturi individuando la figura del giovane adulto - ovvero di colui che, seppur anagraficamente adulto, compie fatti che mostrano un’esigenza educativa prima ancora che rieducativa - unitamente alla figura dell’adulto giovane nell’ambito di un “binario sanzionatorio unico integrato”. Ed ecco perché quest’ultimo soggetto, in quanto minore infraquattordicenne in relazione agli elementi che circostanziano il reato, oggetto di una perizia descrittiva non più ascrittiva, risultando capace di percepire il disvalore del fatto commesso e di essere motivato mediante norme sarà pienamente responsabile in nome di una sanzione con finalità ri-educativa.
(IR)RESPONSABILITÀ PENALE E MINORE ETÀ: ALLA RICERCA DI NUOVE CATEGORIE PER UNA POLITICA CRIMINALE RAZIONALE
Marianna Cardillo
2024-01-01
Abstract
The double track system codified by the Rocco Code is strongly irrational as it is based on the agent’s imputability as a prerequisite for the judgment of guilt. The practical repercussions and problems generated by this system are particularly well-known and evident regarding minors who, although deserving of enhanced protection under Article 31, paragraph 2 of the Constitution, if they commit a criminally relevant act, depending on their age group, experience a criminogenic (ir)responsibility. Thus, criminal law equality is implemented by recovering shares of responsibility even for physiologically immature individuals, identifying the figure of the young adult - someone who, although chronologically an adult, commits acts that show an educational rather than re-educational need - alongside the figure of the young adult within a “unified integrated sanctioning track”. Therefore, this latter subject, being under fourteen years old and considering the circumstances of the crime, is the object of a descriptive rather than an ascriptive expert assessment. If they are capable of perceiving the wrongdoing of the committed act and can be motivated through norms, they will be fully responsible in the name of a sanction with re-educational purposes.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.