From Vesalius to Modern Neuroanatomical Training: The “Surgical Grammar” for the Next Generation of Neurosurgeons in Italy

Anatomical knowledge plays a crucial role in the field of neurosurgery, originating from the rigorous requirements of surgical training. The study examines the training programs for young and future generations of neurosurgeons, highlighting the significance of rigorous dissection program in the laboratory of anatomy along with the challenges they face. It also details the training paths of aspiring surgeons, focusing on the high demands and challenges encountered in the anatomy laboratory and in a real surgical scenario. A historical overview of anatomic training in Italy is provided, emphasizing the contributions of the Schola Medica Salernitana, one of the earliest medical schools in Europe. The article also traces the development of the Neuroanatomy section within the Italian Society of Neurosurgery, the first dedicated neuroanatomy section within European societies, illustrating its importance in advancing neurosurgical education and practice. In conclusion, neuroanatomy remains as the surgical grammar essential to the field of neurosurgery, offering a foundation for those on the path to expertise.