Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy but are associated with immune-related side effects, including hypophysitis, which can significantly impair endocrine function. This review delves into the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of ICI-induced hypophysitis, emphasizing its diagnostic challenges due to symptom overlap with the underlying cancer. Accurate diagnosis requires a combination of clinical assessment, hormonal evaluation, and imaging studies. Management strategies center on tailored hormone replacement therapy and close monitoring. Early detection and prompt intervention are essential to enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. This review aims to improve healthcare providers’ understanding and awareness of this complex and demanding condition.
Immunotherapy-Related Hypophysitis: A Narrative Review
Vitale, Mario;
2025
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy but are associated with immune-related side effects, including hypophysitis, which can significantly impair endocrine function. This review delves into the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of ICI-induced hypophysitis, emphasizing its diagnostic challenges due to symptom overlap with the underlying cancer. Accurate diagnosis requires a combination of clinical assessment, hormonal evaluation, and imaging studies. Management strategies center on tailored hormone replacement therapy and close monitoring. Early detection and prompt intervention are essential to enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. This review aims to improve healthcare providers’ understanding and awareness of this complex and demanding condition.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
