This essay starts from the rules provided for in the Twelfth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, which regulates the system of the so-called contingent election, a mechanism which is used in the event that none of the candidates for the Presidency manages to obtain the majority of the votes of the members of the Electoral College, rules which seem to echo those for the adoption of decisions by the comitia centuriata, introduced following the Servian reforms of the 6th century B.C. The aim pursued with this work is to reach a definition of the essential features of a historical-comparative reconstruction of the idea of democracy, comparing two historical and political realities – the Roman and the American ones – very different both spatially and temporally, but above all culturally, as well as to reiterate once again the importance of the study of Roman Law – not only public – with reference to political-institutional contexts that are far different from the one existent in ancient Rome, with the purpose of a better understanding of the complexity of the contemporary era, as well as of the renewed role of the Roman Law expert in light of the awareness that the study of the Roman Law does not represent the only aim, but rather also a tool for a better understanding of the current positive law, which, at least as far as the so-called civil law legal systems are concerned, represents – sometimes almost unconsciously – its universal heir.
Il presente saggio prende le mosse dalle regole previste nell’ambito del XII Emendamento della Costituzione degli Stati Uniti d’America, che disciplina il sistema della cd. ‘contingent election’, meccanismo al quale si fa ricorso nell’ipotesi in cui nessuno dei candidati alla Presidenza riesca ad ottenere la maggioranza dei voti dei membri del collegio elettorale, regole che sembrano riecheggiare quelle per l’adozione delle decisioni da parte dei comitia centuriata, introdotte a seguito delle riforme serviane del VI secolo a.C. L’obiettivo perseguito nell’ambito di questo lavoro è quello di pervenire alla definizione dei lineamenti essenziali di una ricostruzione in chiave storico-comparatistica del concetto di democrazia, ponendo a confronto due realtà storiche e politiche – quella romana e quella statunitense – molto diverse sia spazialmente che temporalmente, ma soprattutto culturalmente, nonché di ribadire ancora una volta l’importanza dello studio del diritto romano – pubblico e non solo – con riferimento a contesti politico-istituzionali di gran lunga differenti da quello vigente nell’antica Roma, ai fini di una migliore comprensione della complessità dell’epoca contemporanea e del rinnovato ruolo del giusromanista alla luce della consapevolezza che lo studio del diritto romano non rappresenta l’unico fine, bensì anche uno strumento per una migliore comprensione del diritto positivo vigente, il quale, almeno per quel che concerne i sistemi giuridici cdd. di ‘civil law’, di esso rappresenta – a volte quasi inconsapevolmente – l’erede universale.
Tracce del diritto romano nella Costituzione degli Stati Uniti d'America? Alcune riflessioni storico-comparatistiche a partire dal meccanismo della cd. 'contingent election'
Ciliberti, Eugenio
2026
Abstract
This essay starts from the rules provided for in the Twelfth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, which regulates the system of the so-called contingent election, a mechanism which is used in the event that none of the candidates for the Presidency manages to obtain the majority of the votes of the members of the Electoral College, rules which seem to echo those for the adoption of decisions by the comitia centuriata, introduced following the Servian reforms of the 6th century B.C. The aim pursued with this work is to reach a definition of the essential features of a historical-comparative reconstruction of the idea of democracy, comparing two historical and political realities – the Roman and the American ones – very different both spatially and temporally, but above all culturally, as well as to reiterate once again the importance of the study of Roman Law – not only public – with reference to political-institutional contexts that are far different from the one existent in ancient Rome, with the purpose of a better understanding of the complexity of the contemporary era, as well as of the renewed role of the Roman Law expert in light of the awareness that the study of the Roman Law does not represent the only aim, but rather also a tool for a better understanding of the current positive law, which, at least as far as the so-called civil law legal systems are concerned, represents – sometimes almost unconsciously – its universal heir.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


