The role of digitalization in promoting the sustainable development goals. An empirical assessment of Italian local governments

This study empirically investigates whether digitalization affects local governments' (LGs) capacity to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Focusing on the Italian context and adopting a socio-technical lens, the analysis uses an econometric model in which the level of SDGs implementation represents the dependent variable, while the level of digitalization refers to the independent variable. The model additionally considers socioeconomic factors, including political ideology and strength, financial situation, level of indebtedness, and the proportion of the youth demographic. The sample includes 108 Italian provincial capitals, each with more than 20,000 inhabitants. Considering the availability of data about the main variables, the digitalization index and control variables refer to 2021, while the SDG index refers to 2022. Empirical findings suggest that digitalization supports progress on SDGs related to economic and social development, but has a limited impact on environmental goals and partnerships. Moreover, economic policies often take precedence over sustainable development in shaping local agendas. As a main policy implication, the digitalization of local public services may enhance people's access to essential services, helping to address major global social and economic challenges.