Haze correction for contrast-based multispectral pansharpening

In this letter, we show that pansharpening of visible/near-infrared (VNIR) bands takes advantage from a correction of the path-radiance term introduced by the atmosphere during the fusion process. This holds whenever the fusion mechanism emulates the radiative transfer model ruling the acquisition of the Earth's surface from space, that is, for methods exploiting a contrast-based injection model of spatial details extracted from the panchromatic (Pan) image into the interpolated multispectral (MS) bands. Such methods are high-pass modulation (HPM), Brovey transform, synthetic variable ratio (SVR), University of New Brunswick pansharp, smoothing filterbased intensity modulation, and spectral distortion minimization. The path radiance should be estimated and subtracted from each band before the product by Pan is accomplished and added back after. Both empirical and model-based estimation techniques of MS path radiances are compared within the framework of optimized SVR and HPM algorithms. Simulations carried out on QuickBird and IKONOS data highlight that haze correction of MS before fusion is always beneficial, especially on vegetated areas and in terms of spectral quality. Index Terms-Haze, image fusion, multispectral (MS) pansharpening, path radiance, radiative transfer model, remote sensing.