A robust model for generation and transmission expansion planning with emission constraints

This paper presents the application of information gap decision theory (IGDT) to deal with uncertainties associated with load forecasting in dynamic, environment constrained, coordinated generation and transmission expansion planning. Traditionally, the gaseous emissions are constrained over the whole system. Conventional methods cannot guarantee a practical expansion plan since huge emissions can still occur on some buses in the power system. This paper introduces a per-bus emission limit to avoid extreme emissions in highly populated areas. The effect of nodal emission limits is fully discussed and compared to a conventional method. The model is kept linear using the big M approach to decrease the model computational burden. Reliability is considered by limiting the estimated load not served in each year over the planning horizon. The cost of fuel transportation and fuel limits are considered in order to make the model more realistic and practical. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by implementation on Garver 6 bus, IEEE 30 bus, and 118 bus test systems.