Laterality and lateralization processes in developmental age: Assessment and results in the post-pandemic era

The introduction of new technologies and their misuse during the COVID-19 pandemic have led to increased sedentary behavior and reduced participation in sports and physical activities. This trend has been associated, as demonstrated by various studies (Orgilés M. et al., 2020), not only with social issues but also with considerable challenges in individuals' psychomotor development. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the motor skills and lateralization processes in 8–10-year-old children, one year after the conclusion of the COVID-19 health emergency. A valid and effective instrument was selected for evaluation, namely the MOVIT tests (Cottini, 2003), which allow for both qualitative and quantitative investigation of movement. These tests were administered to a sample of 85 children in the Campania region, recruited through convenience sampling, over a period of approximately three months. This approach enabled the identification of the children's abilities, deficits, and levels of potential development. The evaluation was performed both ex ante and ex post, with activities designed to enhance the sample's psychomotor level between the two assessments. At the end of the ex post evaluation, the data were analyzed, demonstrating that effective instruction on movement and the timely introduction of playful motor activities can lead to a good psychomotor level in children and consolidate the processes of laterality and lateralization. During the pandemic, children's daily routines changed considerably, with increased screen time and reduced physical interaction leading to reduced motor skill development. This study seeks to address these gaps by implementing a structured physical activity program post-pandemic, assessing its impact on lateralization—a critical aspect of psychomotor development. The MOVIT tests provided comprehensive insights into the children's motor capabilities and areas needing improvement. The study's findings underscore the importance of reinstating physical education in daily routines to foster balanced psychomotor development, emphasizing the role of interactive and engaging physical activities in enhancing children's overall growth.