Energy hubs components and operation: State-of-the-art review

In recent years, increasing energy demand, greenhouse gas emissions, and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves have created a vital need for a framework that brings effective energy costs while minimizing environmental impact. Strategists have required a novel approach to address these challenges. The energy hub is an innovative concept designed to alter energy management, optimize systems and advance sustainable multi-energy solutions. Founding a robust scheduling framework based on the energy hub model is crucial. This study focuses on two key aspects: investigating the components and structure of energy hubs and examining the operation and factors influencing them. Additionally, it evaluates energy hub flexibility through a thorough analysis of short-term and long-term considerations, such as energy storage systems, energy resources, electric vehicles, and computational methods. Various approaches to enhance energy hub flexibility are explored. The findings confirm the significant potential of the energy hub paradigm. By integrating renewable energy, storage facilities, electric vehicles, and optimized management techniques, the energy hub model emerges as a powerful tool to increase the electricity grid's adaptability. In the field of power systems, it represents a vital step towards sustainable energy solutions with profound implications for industry and academia.