A self-adaptive modified backward forward sweep method: Application to dynamic flow direction changes

In recent years, distribution networks with the presence of new technologies have faced a significant evolving dynamic that challenges the use of traditional power flow calculations specifically backward-forward sweep (BFS). One of the most important effects of this evolving dynamics of distribution networks is related to the increase in the dynamic flow direction changes of the branches. In other words, there is a considerable gap between the practical application of BFS and its basic characteristics, which makes it impossible for practical application because BFS is not compatible with dynamic flow direction changes. Since BFS does not have complex mathematical and modeling concepts, bridging this gap is a meaningful necessity. Hence based on graph theory and the deep node concept, a self-adaptive modified backward-forward sweep (SAMBFS) is proposed so that BFS will be a practical application method for distribution networks. Finally, the application of SAMBFS for dynamic topology changes, P2P trade, several substations, and harmonic calculations as various concepts of the evolving dynamics of distribution networks are investigated.