In this study, a two-stage cascade extraction process utilizing pulsed electric fields (PEF) (3 kV/cm, 10 kJ/kg) for initial extraction, followed by ultrasound (US) (200 W, 20 min) assisted ex-traction (UAE) in a 50% (v/v) ethanol-water mixture (T = 50°C, t = 60 min) was designed for the efficient release of valuable intracellular compounds from industrial cherry pomace. The ex-tracted compounds were evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (FC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), and antioxidant activity (FRAP), and compared with conventional solid-liquid extraction (SLE). Results showed that the highest release of bioactive compounds occurred in the first stage, attributed to the impact of PEF pre-treatment, resulting in significant increases in TPC (79%), FC (79%), TAC (83%), and FRAP value (80%) of the total content observed post-cascade PEF-UAE process. Integration of UAE into the cascade process further augmented the extraction efficiency, yielding a 21% , 49%, 56%, and 26% increases for TPC, FC, TAC, and FRAP respectively, compared to extracts obtained through a second stage conventional SLE. HPLC analysis identified neochlorogenic acid, 4-p-coumaroylquinic, and cya-nidin-3-O-rutinoside as the predominant phenolic compounds in both untreated and cas-cade-treated cherry pomace extracts, and no degradation of the specific compounds occurred upon PEF and US application. SEM analysis revealed microstructural changes in cherry pomace induced by PEF and UAE treatments, enhancing porosity and facilitating the extraction process. The study suggests the efficiency of the proposed cascade PEF-UAE extraction approach for phe-nolic compounds from industrial cherry pomace, with potential applications to other plant-based biomasses.
Sustainable Valorization of Industrial Cherry Pomace: A Novel Cascade Approach Using Pulsed Electric Fields and Ultra-sound Assisted-Extraction
Ervehe Rrucaj;Serena Carpentieri;Mariarosa Scognamiglio;Giovanna Ferrari;Gianpiero Pataro
2024-01-01
Abstract
In this study, a two-stage cascade extraction process utilizing pulsed electric fields (PEF) (3 kV/cm, 10 kJ/kg) for initial extraction, followed by ultrasound (US) (200 W, 20 min) assisted ex-traction (UAE) in a 50% (v/v) ethanol-water mixture (T = 50°C, t = 60 min) was designed for the efficient release of valuable intracellular compounds from industrial cherry pomace. The ex-tracted compounds were evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (FC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), and antioxidant activity (FRAP), and compared with conventional solid-liquid extraction (SLE). Results showed that the highest release of bioactive compounds occurred in the first stage, attributed to the impact of PEF pre-treatment, resulting in significant increases in TPC (79%), FC (79%), TAC (83%), and FRAP value (80%) of the total content observed post-cascade PEF-UAE process. Integration of UAE into the cascade process further augmented the extraction efficiency, yielding a 21% , 49%, 56%, and 26% increases for TPC, FC, TAC, and FRAP respectively, compared to extracts obtained through a second stage conventional SLE. HPLC analysis identified neochlorogenic acid, 4-p-coumaroylquinic, and cya-nidin-3-O-rutinoside as the predominant phenolic compounds in both untreated and cas-cade-treated cherry pomace extracts, and no degradation of the specific compounds occurred upon PEF and US application. SEM analysis revealed microstructural changes in cherry pomace induced by PEF and UAE treatments, enhancing porosity and facilitating the extraction process. The study suggests the efficiency of the proposed cascade PEF-UAE extraction approach for phe-nolic compounds from industrial cherry pomace, with potential applications to other plant-based biomasses.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
